Qualitative and Quantitative Methodologies

Subjective and Quantitative Methodologies Conceptual Proponents of utilizing quantitative or subjective techniques in the exploration procedure are slanted to point at favorable circumstances of their ideal worldview while disregarding qualities of different strategies. By the by, banters on the issue appear to be unfounded on the grounds that today specialists pick systems while concentrating on the reason for their examinations, and they regularly blend techniques to get the most legitimate results.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Qualitative and Quantitative Methodologies explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this specific circumstance, request concerns proposed by Patton to talk about the subjective investigations appear to be pertinent to assess the quantitative strategy. From this point of view, it is fairly hard to decide the worldview that can be talked about as more tenable than the other one. That is the reason, present day discusses are not as dynamic as decades back , and advocates of both quantitative and subjective systems propose to consolidate their highlights in one sound technique. Presentation Current discussions on the agreeableness of utilizing quantitative and subjective strategies and techniques in science depend on the customary restriction in the perspectives on specialists who pronounce the upsides of various philosophies. As indicated by Patton, the watched banter on choosing philosophies has its starting point in the â€Å"long-standing discussion in science over how best to consider and comprehend the world† (Patton, 2001, p. 571). The discussion is grounded not just on the issue of choice of strategies yet additionally on the restriction in speculations and ways of thinking on which philosophies are based. Subsequently, the quantitative procedure alludes to thoughts of positivism, where the attention is on exact elements and a far off analyst. As indicated by Sale, Lohfeld, and Brazil, â€Å"the agent is equipped for c ontemplating a wonder without impacting it or being affected by it† (Sale et al., 2002, p. 44). The contrary circumstance is seen with references to the subjective system since it depends on constructivism, the fundamental thought of which is the development of the information dependent on the investigation of different real factors (Sale et al., 2002, p. 45). In spite of the fact that the discussion between advocates of subjective and quantitative systems is as yet present in the logical world, this discussion is changed into the conversation of potential outcomes to join the subjective and quantitative techniques so as to get the coordinated request which has qualities of both methodologies.Advertising Looking for basic composition on theory? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From this point, the motivation behind this examination paper is to assess the current discussions on the adequacy of utilizing quantitative and su bjective strategies and to talk about the chance of making the successful incorporated request to conquer shortcomings and predispositions related with utilizing quantitative or subjective procedures. Appraisal of run of the mill request concerns Developing the assessment of the discussions, it is important to talk about how analysts decide dependability according to their techniques and discoveries. Legitimacy and dependability are the essential ideas which are utilized to talk about the viability of quantitative philosophies. Boudah takes note of that these classifications and ideas are not fitting for talking about the subjective strategies in light of the fact that the subjective information are typically introduced in theoretical thoughts (Boudah, 2010, p. 76). Therefore, the principle center is around surveying believability of the subjective examination dependent on three request concerns planned by Patton. The principal significant concern is the attention on â€Å"rigorous strategies for doing fieldwork†; the subsequent segment is â€Å"credibility of the researcher†; and the third one is the â€Å"philosophical faith in the estimation of subjective inquiry† (Patton, 2001, p. 570). At this stage, it is critical to state why these viewpoints are resolved as essential ones for talking about approachs utilized by researchers. The attention on â€Å"rigorous strategies for doing fieldwork† implies utilizing the most exact techniques and exact procedures so as to gather and investigate the information to get solid and bolstered results (Patton, 2001, p. 570). From this point of view, the nature of the exploration straightforwardly relies upon the nature of chose strategies, instruments, and procedures, accordingly, the nature of a technique. This perspective is essential to be alluded to while building up the exploration since it makes the fundament for the examination. The job of the specialist is additionally significant in li ght of the fact that the nature of discoveries relies upon the researcher’s preparing and involvement with the field (Boudah, 2010, p. 76; Sale et al., 2002, p. 46). Patton focuses on the conversation of the subjective procedure, and the third rule can be clarified as the need of acknowledging subjective strategies as essential methods (Patton, 2001, p. 570). For this situation, the third viewpoint can't be examined to assess quantitative techniques. All things considered, the other two standards can be utilized to talk about the propriety of the quantitative methodology.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Qualitative and Quantitative Methodologies explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Inquiry concerns identified with subjective versus quantitative requests The models proposed by Patton are the fundament to coordinate the researcher’s exercises in regards to his work with the subjective system. Contrasts in working with the sub jective information are talked about by Boudah who expresses that â€Å"the scientist forms the information in an extraordinary manner, in light of preparing, experience, inclination, and different elements. This is not quite the same as the handling of measurable data† (Boudah, 2010, p. 76). For this situation, the selection of strategies and the researcher’s experience influence the exploration procedure essentially. As it is referenced in the evaluation of conventional request concerns, such two viewpoints as the nature of techniques and validity of the specialist ought to likewise be examined with regards to the quantitative strategy since two ideal models have contrasts as well as likenesses. As indicated by Sale, Lohfeld, and Brazil, two approachs are comparable in light of the fact that â€Å"they share the fundamentals of hypothesis ladenness of realities, uncertainty of information, vagary of hypothesis by truth, and a worth ladened request process† (Sa le et al., 2002, p. 46). State that cutting edge test and exploratory examinations center around gathering quantitative information as well as subjective information. Subsequently, to assess proof, specialists need to utilize components of the subjective strategies notwithstanding quantitative methods (Sale et al., 2002, p. 45). Therefore, such conventional quantitative strategies as analyses get the highlights of subjective investigations. In this circumstance, the emphasis on request concerns planned by Patton is useful for researchers who were generally examined as clients of quantitative systems. The most believable approach The dynamic discussions create round the subject of the methodologies’ believability or legitimacy. So as to help their vision of methodologies’ validity and decide the most believable and worthy worldview, analysts talk about methodologies’ qualities and shortcomings. In this specific situation, the subjective approach is frequently exa mined as less believable than the quantitative worldview. Patton claims that there is â€Å"a waiting bias† against the subjective strategy in the logical world, and accordingly, the subjective information appears to â€Å"carry the shame of ‘being soft’† (Patton, 2001, p. 573). The specialists bolster their thoughts while expressing that subjective strategies are somewhat ‘subjective’ as opposed to ‘objective’ quantitative techniques dependent on rationale and realities on the grounds that the quantitative information are introduced in effortlessly summed up numbers when the subjective information are introduced in conceptual ideas (Bryman, 2007, p. 9; Sale et al., 2002, p. 47).Advertising Searching for basic composition on reasoning? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Reliance of the subjective information on the researcher’s understanding is considered as a fundamental test for examining the worldview as giving the goal information. Patton states that â€Å"qualitative thoroughness has to do with the nature of the perceptions made by an evaluator† (Patton, 2001, p. 575). Furthermore, as per Kerlinger, numbers amazingly matter in the examination in light of the fact that â€Å"everything is either 1 or 0† (as refered to in Berg Lune, 2012, p. 4). From this point of view, the scientists are slanted to talk about the subjective explores as reliant on a scope of abstract elements. Berg and Lune express that â€Å"qualitative analysts should be progressively exact, increasingly cautious in their definitions and methods, and more clear in their composition than most other scientists† (Berg Lune, 2012, p. 4). It is a system to make the subjective philosophy increasingly suitable for utilizing in the logical world. In this uni que circumstance, defenders of the quantitative strategies express that this worldview is increasingly serviceable and proper for the examination in fields of brain research, nursing, and sociologies (Berg Lune, 2012, p. 5; Boudah, 2010, p. 76). The numerical information related with the quantitative examination is clear and agent. Therefore, to get the target results and discoveries, defenders of the quantitative technique offer to utilize examinations and studies where the outcomes are determined with factual strategies (Sale et al

How to Get Your Literary Analysis Essay Outline Done

How to Get Your Literary Analysis Essay Outline DoneMany students struggle with the first literary analysis essay outline. This can be frustrating, because the entire purpose of this type of writing is to help you get a footing in this area of writing. Once you have written your outline, it is only natural that you'll spend time creating your plan and checking it for consistency.One way to make sure that you've followed through on your literary analysis essay outline is to go back and reread it in its entirety. Take the time to thoroughly read each paragraph and make sure that you understand everything that is being said. As you reread it, you'll likely notice any inconsistencies.Of course, this process can also be automated. If you're looking for a way to check whether or not you have properly and consistently followed through on your outline, then there are several tools you can use. The two most common of these are: reading through your outline and comparing it to a sample outline . I recommend that you follow these tips, since they are both free and easy to use.First, I suggest that you take a few minutes to simply go through your literary analysis essay outline. Make a note of all of the points that you think may be good ideas and write them down as you go.Next, once you have your outline all set up, take a look at a sample outline and start to identify similarities. What types of things do you see? What are some of the specific ideas that you want to talk about? You can then compare your outline with the sample.Note that if you are going to use the sample outline as a guide, make sure that you're using it correctly. It may sound obvious, but if you use the sample outline without proper attribution, you'll end up getting yourself into trouble.Once you've done your research and checked to make sure that you've consistently followed through on your literary analysis essay outline, you can then print out a copy and keep it in a safe place. Even if you're in a rush and don't have a lot of time to go through it, you'll still be able to refer to it whenever you need it.As you can see, this was two simple steps that can help you get your literary analysis essay outline and get it out there for everyone to see. It will give you a great deal of confidence in what you're writing, as well as the ability to compare and contrast between works.

Financial management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Budgetary administration - Essay Example This is not quite the same as For-Profit associations that source their assets from investors who are the genuine proprietors of these associations. Authoritative structure of NGO’s and For-Profit are somewhat comparative as in both arrangement of associations are overseen by sheets of chiefs. Money related administration involves the procedures of planning, Taxation and corporate administration. NGO’s regularly have monetary financial plans arranged over the time of the exercises they are embraced. Then again, For-Profit associations have their money related spending plans arranged for a time of one monetary year. Governments demand burdens on all associations to actualize open venture or administration arrangement however with the exception of NGO’s. As indicated by Brigham (2010, 65), the primary distinction among NGO’s and For-Profit associations is the destinations and objectives of these associations. NGO’s are set up to give altruistic produc ts or administrations to individuals without need of making a benefit. This major separating factor is the explanation for the distinctions in monetary administration rehearses between these associations. Corporate administration is significant in executing uprightness and the executives of hierarchical techniques. NGO’s are not specific in implementing judicious corporate administration rehearses contrasted with For-Profit associations. ... NGO’s are associations which are not embarked to make benefits yet rather they are intended to offer an assistance. This is against productive associations which are intended to make benefits. Hierarchical Structure The authoritative structure of NGO’s is unique in relation to that of a productive association in that NGO’s are commanded to offer administrations contrasted with benefit associations which are intended to make benefits. NGO’s are enrolled or commanded either by governments or uncommon bodies to attempt undertakings or administration conveyance to various individuals. The significant contrast among NGO’s and benefit associations stems in the proprietorship structure of the two bodies. NGO’s are possessed or worked by a governing body or a guiding advisory group at times; this top managerial staff is liable for drawing up the money related procedures for the association. The top managerial staff of a NGO are liable for sourcing as sets for the association through various ways (Brigham 94). In certain occurrences, some NGO’s have received the structure of a privately owned business and utilized this structure to deal with their monetary activities. Most NGO’s source their assets from governments, places of worship and gifts this is on the grounds that these associations go about as governments and they just utilize their assets for limit building. This is rather than productive organizations whereby responsibility for associations has a place with certain people. Productive organizations are claimed by individuals known as investors; investors are answerable for subsidizing the association to attempt the objectives and targets of these associations. Open claimed associations are benefit associations which involve a numerous proprietors in an organization

Top Tips of The Best Research Paper Writing Site

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Genetically Modified Organisms ( Gmos ) - 2065 Words

Depolarizing the GMO Debate Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have served as a topic of great debate in recent years. Before the existence of genetic engineering, humans have used the process of artificial selection to only breed certain organisms with desirable traits or genetic qualities. While this practice has been proven to be effective, selective breeding can only manipulate the naturally occurring variations within different breeds. Genetic engineering allows scientists to break this limitation by introducing genes into an organism from a completely unrelated species. This practice is commonly carried out on consumer goods such as crops, livestock, and bacteria. These GMOs can offer a variety of advantageous products, including†¦show more content†¦It wasn’t until the year 1971 that scientists developed the first concepts of genetic engineering. Building off of breakthrough discoveries in the field of genetics and DNA, American scientists Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen used the newly discovered science of recombinant DNA to successfully combine DNA from different species and insert the hybrid DNA into a host cell (Liban). This groundbreaking discovery set the foundation for genetic engineering and eventually paved the way for the biotechnology industry (Liban). Today, this now multibillion dollar industry fuels a massive portion of the world’s production needs in the fields of medicine, agriculture, and industrial goods (Liban). With such a large amount of consumer goods being manufactured from GMOs, certain groups and citizens have voiced their concern over the environmental hazards, economic issues, and health risks that could be associated with the new technology. Alternatively, supporters of genetic engineering dismiss the significance of these threats and rather look toward the benefits offered by GMOs. In either case, both groups One of the most prominent issues facing the world today is the challenge of producing an ade quate food supply for the planet’s over 7 billion residents (Liban). Genetically engineered crops present a solution to this issue through a number of alleged benefits. In an analytical report published in GM Crops, lead author Graham Brookes describes how

The Ancestor s Tale By Richard Dawkins Essay - 1666 Words

Thylacinus had stripes like a tiger, body like a dog, and a pouch like a kangaroo. They were marsupials but behaved more like wolves than marsupials (which makes them an excellent example of convergent evolution). They became extinct in Australia and New Guinea because of their incompetence against the dingoes, an invasive species brought by the aboriginal men. Nevertheless, some were left in Tasmania as the dingoes did not reach there, but died out soon after Europeans arrived there. Similar story includes the dodo’s tale which is illustrated perfectly by Richard Dawkins in his book The Ancestor’s Tale: A Pilgrimage to the Dawn of Evolution - â€Å"When Portuguese sailors arrived on Mauritius in 1507, the abundant dodos were completely tame, and approached the sailors in a manner which cannot have been far from ‘trusting’. The unfortunate dodos were clubbed to death by Portuguese, and later Dutch, sailors – even though they were deemed ‘unpalatable.’ Extinction took less than two centuries. As so often, it came about through a combination of killing and more indirect effects. Humans introduced dogs, pigs, rats, and religious refugees. The first three ate dodo eggs, and the last planted sugar cane and destroyed habitats† (Dawkins). All the tales of these extinct species have one thing in common – a species live in harmony in its home until an invasive species destroy them, and humans are the antagonist in each story. The sick thing is we are still in the middle of and part ofShow MoreRelatedThe, Hunting For Some Drosophila Melanogaster5018 Words   |  21 Pageschromosomes will be inherited independently of each other (Campbell et al. 268). Many rudimentary patterns of inheritance follow traditional Mendelian genetic patterns, namely Mendel’s Law of Dominance (commonly known as Mendel’s â€Å"Third Law†). Mendel s Law of Dominance states that recessive alleles will always be masked by dominant alleles. Therefore, a cross between a homozygous dominant and a homozygous recessive will always express the dominant phenotype, while still having a heterozygous genotype

Vitamin Water free essay sample

History and Introduction In the early 1990’s, when Manhattan was hit by water contamination, Bikoff set out to buy bottled water and found that except for the brand name, there was very little difference between the different brands of bottled water sold. Bikoff was looking for additional nutritional value rather than plain water. Finding none, he started conducting an in-depth study about different companies making bottled water. He found that he could use vapor distillation to create an alternative to bottled water. Bottled water was generally procured from springs and contained some dissolved minerals, which could be removed using vapor distillation. Bikoff then came up with the idea of starting a company that could offer a healthy alternative to soft drinks and plain water. He decided to name the company Glaceau; a combination of the words glace (ice) and eau (water) which signifies clean water. Bikoff started the venture in the year 1996, from his father’s office in Queens, New York. He worked with RD professionals to develop the company’s first product Glaceau Smartwater, which was sourced from glacial aquifers in Connecticut, vapor distilled, and supplemented with electrolytes. With his previous expertise on packaging, he asked his team to design a 20 ounce bottle instead of the conventional 16 ounce bottle. Another unique aspect of the bottle was its sport cap. With the popularity if the packaging, several beverage manufacturers started using caps on the bottles. Bikoff then got the bottle redesigned and the bottle was made available in half liter, one liter, and one and a half liter sizes. The next product was Fruitwater, introduced in 1999. This was Smartwater with the added flavor of fruits and it was sugar free. Fruitwater was the first non0carbonated water with a fruit flavor. The water was subjected to pasteurization due to which it had a long life though no preservatives were added. Fruitwater was available in several flavors including watermelon, mint, pineapple, and guava. It was in the year 2000 that Bikoff realized the potential of water enhanced with vitamins. What sparked the realization was a tiring yoga session after which he had a drink of water along with a Vitamin C wafer. The water-Vitamin combination proved extremely refreshing and planted the idea of water enhanced with Vitamins in his mind. To devise the formula for water with vitamins, he started working on the product along with a team comprising a dietician, a microbiologist, and a food scientist. Bikoff felt that the name should reflect the fact that the product was not merely water but water with additional vitamins and nutrients. It was not long before he realized that he was creating a new category of product known as enhanced water. It’s is defined as a category based on delivering value-added nutritional benefits in a hydrating beverage, so that people can drink more water with more usage occasions. Once the products were ready, the challenge was to get shelf space from vendors. These were problems in distributing this product through major retailers, as they were not willing to give expensive shelf space for new products. There were several small retailers who were ready to try out new products. These retailers were highly impressed by the fact that Bikoff was delivering and promoting the products himself and it was they who gave him a chance. By initially targeting smaller stores, the company built up demand. The product’s unusual appearance and unconventional packaging attracted the customers. Initially companies like Pepsi and Coca-Cola dismissed the Glaceau product as a passing fad, but with the product gaining popularity and outselling their products like Dasani and Aquafina they were forced to take notice. In 2002, Coca-Cola introduced fortified water, Dasani Nutriwater, and Pepsi came up with Aquafina Essentials. However, neither of the two did well in the market and both products were later discontinued. By 2005, Glaceau’s products were being sold in all the 50 states in the US. The sales had grown 80 percent from January 2004 to January 2005. As of 2005, the company was selling around two million bottles per day, with VitaminWater accounting for 75 percent of total sales. Furthermore, in 2006 PepsiCo Inc. announced that it had agreed to change the packaging label, and cap of its SoBe Life Water, after the settlement with Energy Brands Inc, maker of Glaceau’s range of enhanced water products. In April 2006, Energy Brands Inc. ad filed a lawsuit against Pepsi, alleging that SoBe Life Water’s packaging label, and cap were similar to those if Glaceau’s VitaminWater and that Pepsi intended to confuse the consumers with its new packaging. Pepsi had resorted to trade dress infringement and dilution and its label and bottle resembled that of VitaminWater. It was also alleged that Pepsi had launched SoBe Life Water after it failed to acquire Energy Brand in early 2006. The lawsuit and its subsequent settlement indicated the growing insecurity of the soft drinks majors, which were facing threat from companies promoting healthy alternatives to soft drinks. Energy Brands, the parent company of Glaceau, was one such company, which advocated healthy living through low-calorie, low-sugar drinks, and non-carbonated water with additional nutritional supplements. Glaceau’s line of enhanced water products comprised VitaminWater, Smartwater, and Fruitwater. Energy Brands was credited with created a new category of drinks popularly known as â€Å"enhanced water products. † Inventory Research Identify all brand elements for product and services The main brand elements are brand names, URLs, logos, symbols, characters, spokespeople, slogans, jingles, packages, and signage. Affiliated brand names: Glaceau =gt; Coca-Cola =gt; VitaminWater URLs: http://www. vitaminwater. com/, http://www. coca-cola. com/, www. drinkbetterwater. com Logos: VitaminWater is considered to have a strong word mark; no accompanying logo aside from the name. The word â€Å"Vitamin† is in bold letters whereas the word â€Å"water† is in normal font. Spokespeople: 50 cent, Kelly Clarkson, Shaquille O’Neal, Tracy McGrady, Brian Urlacher, David Ortiz, Kasey Kahne, Donovan McNabb, Ladainian Tomlinson, David Wright, Gilbert Arenas, and Allen Iverson. Slogan: â€Å"it works† is the slogan shown on the label of the product. Each spokesperson has their personalized slogan that essentially sets them apart from one another. For example: Shaquille O’Neal has a slogan which is â€Å"diesel power† whereas Allen Iverson’s is â€Å"the answer’s answer. † Packages: The packaging contains bright colors to enhance the Vitamin Water logo. The colors used on the bottles compliment the various colors of the liquids themselves. Flavors: Vitamin Water comes in fifteen different flavors and varieties. Each product contains a different combination of vitamins and minerals, which the company claims are beneficial for things like energy, balance, endurance, and focus. Flavors include Dragon fruit, Tropical Citrus, Fruit Punch, Lemonade, Kiwi-Strawberry, Orange-Orange, Grape, Raspberry-Apple, Green Tea, Peach-Mango, Lemon Tea, Cran-Grapefruit, Jackfruit-Guava, Lemon-Lime, Acai-Blueberry-Pomegranate. VitaminWater Mind Map Trendy The brand, Vitamin water is perceived as a trendy drink. The product it known for its wide mouth, bright color-coded labeling and vibrant designs. The Vitamin water site also takes the branding to the next level by bundling each flavor with its own expressive animated image. Healthy According to the nutrition facts on the bottle, the product contains 98% water and 2% sugar. The extremely small amount of sugars is added through the natural fruit juices that are included in the ingredients to increase flavor. The product also markets the high amounts of electrolytes used to purify its water. Entertainment The company Coca-Cola was able to continue marketing the product through the use of celebrity tie-ins that allowed the customers to personalize each flavor by associating a celebrity with a flavor. The technique exemplified brilliant brand marketing. High Quality In the market, this product is considered to be a luxury item. Energy Brands is the parent company of Glaceau water products, which sells water under the labels VitaminWater and SmartWater. The use of bright vibrant colors is one of the marketing tools used by the brand in order to reflect the refreshing quality of the product. 50 cent rapper The grape flavor Formula 50 vitamin water is 50 cent’s custom-made flavor with 50% of his daily choice of vitamins; therefore is specialized for those 50 cent fans. The grape-flavored drinks label reads, inspired by todays most talked about artist, hottest record producer, and soon-to-be movie star, this not-so-hypnotic tonic contains 50 percent of many of the important vitamins that you need every day. Variety 50 cent is currently promoting the upcoming increase in the variety of flavors from 15 to 50. The product line already includes flavors such as Power C, Energy- Tropical, Revive, Multi V, Focus, Essential, Formula 50, Defense, Rescue, Endurance, Vital-T, Balance, B-Relaxed, and Charge. Innovative The vitamin water bottles are especially designed in mind to fit-in-your-hand with ease. Each flavor offers a different taste experience for the new generation of bottled water lovers. Coca-Cola is known for its innovative platforms and by adding this new product to its line enables the company to capitalize on recent health and wellness trends. Coca-Cola With Coca-Cola’s recent purchase of Glaceau, the company obtains additional credibility, potential customers, and an enlarged distribution channel through its new affiliation with the Coca-Cola brand. Through the use of these elements where is the brand positioned? Through the use of these elements the brand is positioned as trendy, innovative and entertaining mainly due to its unique graphics and imagery. Furthermore, when visiting the VitaminWater site it supports the company’s brand positioning; revealing a rather smart site, which opens on colorful splash pages. The site is based on Flash technology; it enhances the brand with a multicolored organ producing different tunes when the mouse passes over VitaminWater bottles. The sites branding is perfectly aligned with Glaceaus brand positioning. It has the same look, same attitude, and same voice. Similar to label packaging, the text is full of confidence. VitaminWater states that â€Å"one sip, swing or gulp may result in boycott of other beverages. † Color use is bright and vibrant, reflecting the refreshing quality of the product. The label maker is a cool feature, which again nicely reinforces the brand and allows VitaminWater to both collect information about its visitors and plumb for free ideas. Visitors can take a shot at making their own label of a vitamin drink complete with attitude, colors and minerals. To view your label, you have to supply an email address, giving the brand managers access to a mailing list of interested consumers. Glaceau provides an excellent example of website development aligned with its brand positioning. Rather than being a display of technological know-how, the Flash technology is deployed here to enhance the website and further promote the brand as trendy, innovative and entertaining. Exploratory Hierarchy of the Brand Survey Results (See Appendix) We developed a ten question survey in which we disseminated through email to our peers to assess the strength of Vitamin Water as a brand. We paid particular attention to the consumers’ knowledge of specific brand attributes such as the spokesman and number of flavors. The survey was limited to 10 questions to ensure participation and valid responses. There were 40 respondents to our survey, and there were only 3 questions in which all 40 participants did not answer. Even so, for those 3 questions we still had 39 people respond. This means there was a response to 99% of the questions asked. We purposely did not ask demographic information since we only gave the survey to our peers. Although this may appear to have skewed our results, we felt that since our peers are in the target population for Vitamin Water’s core marketing efforts, our conclusions are valid. Additionally, we did not generalize any of our conclusions for the total population. Question Analysis 1. 60% of respondents are very familiar with Vitamin Water. Only Gatorade had a higher number of respondents who said they were very familiar with the drink at 85%. Aquafina also had 60%, or 24 respondents say that they very familiar with the drink. However, Aquafina had a higher rating average than Vitamin Water meaning that overall more people are familiar with the brand. Still, Vitamin Water is doing fairly well in the category considering that no one said they had never heard the drink before. 2. When asked to rate Vitamin Water based on knowledge and what they’ve heard about the brand, most respondents gave the drink an excellent rating. In other words they rated the brand a 4 out of 5, second only to Gatorade. Again, no respondents gave the brand a poor rating, and only 2 didn’t know enough about the brand to give it a rating at all. . Many of the respondents thought that Vitamin Water was the newest drink in the category, which was wrong. Sobe Life Water is the newest drink, but this lets us know that Vitamin Water is doing a good job of keeping its brand in the mind of consumers rather than letting a new drink capture some of its market share. 4. While most people did choose â€Å"enhanced water â€Å"whe n asked what category to place Vitamin Water, we feel that enough people answered other choices to conclude that generally there isn’t a strong association between the two. Considering the other answer choices on this question, many respondents may have chosen enhanced water through the process of elimination. As the brand inventory showed, people associate the drink with multiple categories because of the many different types of branding. 5. No one was able to recall that Brian Urlacher is a spokes person for the brand. This may mean that Vitamin Water is paying him for no reason, or it could mean that he is just not the person to reach the target population for survey respondents. On the other hand, Kelly Clarkson wouldn’t be considered the best fit for a spokesman to reach our target population either, but a number of respondents recognized her as a celebrity endorser of the brand. Clearly 50 cent is the most recognizable spokesman for the brand. There is an overload of celebrities in the industry endorsing so many different products that people get lost. If people are associating the wrong person with your brand it might affect your image. This is where Vitamin Water runs into a problem. Having too many spokes people for your brand confuses consumers and they don’t get a true image association. . Most respondents knew that Coca Cola was the parent company of Vitamin Water. This is most likely due to the highly publicized sale. This publicity was very good because it increased awareness of the brand. Since Coke is such a strong brand, it is very beneficial for Vitamin Water to associate its self with the brand and company. 7. Most respondents co rrectly identified Vitamin Water’s distinctive characteristic: each flavor has a different set of vitamins. However, just as in question 4, we feel that many respondents may have chosen the correct answer through the process of elimination. A quarter of the respondents identified incorrect characteristics with the brand. We believe that this is a sign that the company isn’t effectively distinguishing themselves from their competitors when it comes to brand attributes. 8. 67. 5% of respondents have tasted Vitamin Water before. 25 of the 40 respondents gave comments about what they thought about the drink. Most of the comments were favorable, and there was only one very negative comment about the taste. Many consumers said that they thought the drink was â€Å"Ok. † 9. People don’t know that there are 15 flavors of Vitamin Water offered. Only 3 respondents (7. 7%) knew that there are 15 flavors. Although we did not get to ask the question, chances are that most respondents haven’t visited the brand website because all 15 flavors are vividly displayed. The problem is that no one sells all 15 flavors (as discussed in the brand inventory). This is a differentiating characteristic of the brand and consumers don’t know about it. If variety is what sets you apart and people don’t have access to it, it doesn’t help the brand. 10. The last question tells us that most of the respondents have purchased Vitamin Water before, which is very good. We would have liked to get into brand loyalty and find out who purchased Vitamin Water a second or third time. There were some people who have tasted the brand but haven’t purchased it yet. This could be due to price or just due to the fact that they didn’t like the taste. Gap Analysis While the brand seems to be doing pretty well, we have determined that there are some gaps in the company’s message which will affect Vitamin Water’s image in the future. The main hindrance we see with the brand is its consistency. It’s very difficult to tell what type of image the brand wants to have because they use so many different spokes people in commercials and advertisements. Consumers aren’t getting a consistent message about the image of the brand because they are seeing everyone from athletes, to actors, to singers. For the first couple of years after a new product release it’s important not to confuse consumers. For instance, now we see well known actors in Hanes underwear commercials, but in the past it was just Michael Jordan. Another reason consistency is such an issue with Vitamin Water is because consumers don’t know exactly what type of drink it is. When Vitamin Water hit the market it made its own category, â€Å"enhanced water. † Most consumers don’t even know what enhanced water is. This is where associations can be very useful. Some of Vitamin Water’s top competitors such as Crystal Light, Gatorade, and Crystal Light are very particular about the type of people that are associated with their brands and making sure that there are consistent associations. Crystal Light. Gatorade is has defined its self as a sports drink. The company understands that people may drink Gatorade at other times, but that is their niche so they only feature athletes in their commercials. Red Bull doesn’t use athletes from main stream sports such as basketball, football, and baseball because they pay particular attention to the brand image they portray through the use of extreme sports and activities deeply rooted in culture. Branding Strategy Vitamin Water has tried to market its self as a â€Å"Lifestyle† drink. This has worked thus far because the drink is new and there’s not a lot of competition. The â€Å"Lifestyle† category may work in other product categories such as clothes and shoes where there is such a thin line between categories. For instance, plenty of people by athletic apparel and wear them as every day clothing. However, in the beverage industry it’s necessary for a brand to distinguish its self by selecting a more specific segment of the market. Recommendation and Implementation We recommend that Coca Cola pick a specific market for Vitamin Water and concentrate its marketing efforts toward that category. This will help them to obtain a consistent message in their marketing strategy and advertisement. The most logical options for further segmentation in the beverage category for Vitamin Water are health, sports, and energy. Health- The name of the drink does imply that it’s healthy, but we don’t recommend that Vitamin Water take that association any farther. Being healthy isn’t one of the most important factors in choosing a drink for Vitamin Water’s target market. Young, hip individuals are more concerned with the way a drink tastes and added benefits. Sports- The only drawback we see with having Vitamin Water in the sports drink category is that there are so many competitors is that specific market segment. Energy- We recommend that Vitamin Water develop its marketing and branding strategy as an energy drink. Vitamin Water contains ingredients such as vapor distilled, deionized water, taurine and crystalline fructose, all ingredients that are seen in other energy drinks. Coca-cola should focus on establishing the drink as an energy beverage opposed to being a health drink. Advertising its flavor as energy enhancing beverages will fit more closely with its endorsers and the â€Å"Lifestyle† branding. Rappers and singers do need energy to perform, so Vitamin Water using 50 Cent and Kelly Clarkson as spokes people makes sense. While athletes also need energy, we recommend that Vitamin Water cease its contracts with athletes such as Brian Urlacher and Peyton Manning. These associations may confuse consumers into thinking that Vitamin Water is a sports drink. Other recommendations for Vitamin Water include cutting back on the number of flavor options it offers and the number of people that they use as endorsers of the brand. The company should implement new flavors slowly.

Hamlet, Prince Of Denmark By William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) Essays

Hamlet, Prince of Denmark by William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) Hamlet, Prince of Denmark by William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) Type of Work: Tragic drama Setting Elsinore, Denmark; c. 1200 Principal Characters Hamlet, Prince of Denmark and son of the former king The Ghost, Hamlet's dead father Gertrude, Hamlet's mother, and Queen of Denmark Claudius, Hamlet's uncle and new stepfather, and now, King of Denmark Polonius, Claudius'chief counselor Laertes, Polonius' son Ophelia, Polonius' obedient daughter Horatio, Hamlet's faithful friend Story Overveiw Prince Hamlet bitterly opposed the marriage of his mother, Gertrude, to Claudius, her own brother-in-law, so soon after her husband's death. Moreover, Hamlet had a strange suspicion that the new king - his stepfather and former uncle - had somehow plotted his father's mysterious demise, and he refused to cease mourning his natural father, now two months dead. As Hamlet languished in resentfulness, he was approached by his close friend Horatio, who revealed that for three nights now castle guards had seen the former king stalking the parapets as a ghost. He persuaded the prince that his father must have some message of importance to impart, and thus Hamlet should wait with him that night for the ghost to appear again. The bloody apparition was indeed the image of Hamiet's father. In horror, the son listened with Horatio as the dead king described how his brother Claudius had seduced Gertrude, and how the two of them together had arranged for his murder, while claiming that a serpent had injected the fatal poison. Hamlet was appalled - though not entirely surprised - at this revelation. But he was even more shaken when the ghost made a desperate plea: he ordered Hamlet to avenge his death by killing Claudius, but cautioned that Gertrude must be spared; heaven alone should punish her for her sins. Now, Hamlet considered himself an intellectual, not a soldier or a man of action. This charge to exact revenge posed a real dilemma in the prince's mind. He swore Horatio to secrecy concerning the ghost and continued for the next few days to fret on what he must do. Filled with suppressed anger toward both his mother and Claudius, and torn between doing his duty in honor and carrying out a most distasteful and bloody task, Hamlet began to act more and more erratic. Ophelia, his lady friend and the daughter of the new king's most trusted counselor, Polonius, reported Hamlet's eccentric behavior to her father. Polonius insisted that Hamlet had become demented, and cautioned Ophelia to keep her distance. He then reported Hamlet's bizarre turn to the king and queen. Perceiving Hamlet as a possible threat to the throne, Claudius, Gertrude and Polonius hired two dull-witted courtiers, Rosencrantz and Guildeiistern, to spy on the prince, to learn whether he in fact coveted their power or was merely mad. But Hamlet, within minutes, recognized the charade and the motives behind it, and caustically mockcd them. And shortly, it seemed to Hamlet that everyone - including Ophelia was a spy and an informant for King Claudius and Queen Gertrude. By now the prince was dashed by doubts and worries. He began to wonder if his father's ghost had really appeared; maybe it had been a vision from the devil instead. After all, the thought of murdering Claudius, vile and hated though he was, still repelled Hamlet. But soon he struck upon an idea: a company of traveling actors visited Elsinore, and Hamlet persuaded them to perform a murder scene that was actually a reenactment of the death of the old king. He was sure that if Claudius and Gertrude had in fact killed his father, their guilt would play on their faces and show in their actions. The play proceeded. Sure enough, Claudius became so unnerved both by the drama and by Hamlet's sly, taunting comments, that he stormed from the performance, with Gertrude close behind. Gertrude immediately sent for her insolent son. When he visited her in her room to discuss the matter, Polonius was hidden behind a curtain, listening. Soon the exchange between mother and son grew more heated and violent. When Polonius cried out for the guards, Hamlet, thinking he was Claudius, stabbed through the curtain and killed him. Amid this confusion, the ghost of Hamlet's father once more appeared (invisible to Gertrude) and again reminded his son of his original commission: to kill Claudius. With renewed determination, Hamlet gripped his dagger and made for Claudius'bedchamber. But when he entered the room, prepared at last to do the deed, he found Claudius praying. This undid the prince's resolve; be could not slay this man while in the posture of supplication to God - a prayerful soul, he reasoned, would be swept straight to